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Avoid unnecessary exposure of any part of the body to the cold. Get out of the cold immediately if the signals of hypothermia or frostbite appear.
Frostbite is the freezing of a specific body part such as fingers, toes, the nose or earlobes.
Signals of frostbite include -
lack of feeling in the affected area;
skin that appears waxy, is cold to the touch, or is discolored (flushed, white or gray, yellow or blue).
Hypothermia is another cold-related emergencies. Hypothermia may quickly become life threatening.
Hypothermia is caused by the cooling of the body caused by the failure
of the body's warming system. The goals of first aid
are to restore normal body temperature and to care
for any conditions while waiting for EMS personnel.
Signals of hypothermia include -
shivering, numbness, glassy stare;
apathy, weakness, impaired judgment;
loss of consciousness.
Do not warm the person too quickly, such as by immersing him or her in warm water. Rapid warming may cause dangerous heart arrhythmias. Warm the core first (trunk, abdomen), not the extremities (hands, feet). This is important to mention because most people will try to warm hands and feet first and that can cause shock
Sources:
1). The American National Red Cross (1997) Emergency Response. St.Louis, MO: Mosby Lifeline/Mosby - Year Book
Inc.
2). The Red Cross >> http://www.RedCross.org/